M31 was thought by many to be "like the Milky Way, only more so" until recent studies revealed real differences in the structure of all three of 
its major populations: disk, halo and bulge.  I will discuss work which uses the kinematics of planetary nebulae and globular clusters in M31 to 
learn about its formation and evolution, and show how recent insights into the formation of field spheroidal galaxies from high-redshift studies 
relate to this.