Munch: Monday, February 19, 2007

                               


 

WHERE: 6TH FLOOR CONFERENCE ROOM
WHEN  : 12:30, MONDAY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


FAQ

What is Munch?


       Munch Archive


Angular Signatures of Dark Matter in the Diffuse Gamma Ray Spectrum             astro-ph/0702328

Authors: Dan Hooper, Pasquale D. Serpico
Comments: 12 pages, 5 figures
Report-no: FERMILAB-PUB-07-038-A
Dark matter annihilating in our Galaxy's halo and elsewhere in the universe is expected to generate a diffuse flux of gamma rays, potentially observable with next generation satellite-based experiments, such as GLAST. In this article, we study the signatures of dark matter in the angular distribution of this radiation. Pertaining to the extragalactic contribution, we discuss the effect of the motion of the solar system with respect to the cosmological rest frame and anisotropies due to the structure of our local universe. For the gamma ray flux from dark matter in our own Galactic halo, we discuss the effects of the offset position of the solar system, the Compton-Getting effect, the asphericity of the Milky Way halo, and the signatures of nearby substructure. We explore the prospects for the detection of these features by the GLAST satellite and find that, if ~10% or more of the diffuse gamma ray background observed by EGRET is the result of dark matter annihilations, then GLAST should be sensitive to anisotropies down to the 0.1% level. Such precision would be sufficient to detect many, if not all, of the signatures discussed in this paper.

Full-text: PostScript, PDF, or Other formats

Would Bohr be born if Bohm were born before Born? physics/0702069 (Mark, presumably for the title)

Authors: H. Nikolic
Comments: 7 pages
Subj-class: Physics and Society; History of Physics
I discuss a hypothetical historical context in which a Bohm-like deterministic interpretation of the Schrodinger equation could have been proposed before the Born probabilistic interpretation and argue that in such a context the Copenhagen (Bohr) interpretation would probably have never achieved great popularity among physicists.

Full-text: PostScript, PDF, or Other formats

On the Possibility of Quantum Gravity Effects at Astrophysical Scales               hep-th/0702051  (suggested by Mark)

Authors: M. Reuter, H. Weyer
Comments: LaTeX, 18 pages, 4 figures. Invited contribution to the Int. J. Mod. Phys. D special issue on dark matter and dark energy
Report-no: MZ-TH/07-01
The nonperturbative renormalization group flow of Quantum Einstein Gravity (QEG) is reviewed. It is argued that at large distances there could be strong renormalization effects, including a scale dependence of Newton's constant, which mimic the presence of dark matter at galactic and cosmological scales.

Full-text: PostScript, PDF, or Other formats

It's Never Too Late For Matter  astro-ph/0702207  (suggested by Pasquale)

Authors: Lawrence M. Krauss (Case Western Reserve University and Vanderbilt University), Robert J. Scherrer (Vanderbilt University)
Comments: several typos corrected, and references added, as well as a closed form general result for annihilating dark matter to not be overwhelmed by radiation in a universe with general equation of state. submitted to PRL
We demonstrate that in a vacuum-energy-dominated expansion phase, neither the decay of matter nor matter-antimatter annihilation into relativistic particles can ever cause radiation to once again dominate over matter in the future history of the universe.

Full-text: PostScript, PDF, or Other formats

Fitting CMB data with cosmic strings and inflation  astro-ph/0702223

Authors: Neil Bevis, Mark Hindmarsh, Martin Kunz, Jon Urrestilla
Comments: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
We perform a multi-parameter likelihood analysis to compare measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectra with predictions from models involving cosmic strings. We explore the addition of strings to the inflationary concordance model, involving an adiabatic primordial power spectrum with a power-law tilt n, as well as the Harrison-Zeldovich (HZ) case n=1. Using ACBAR, BOOMERANG, CBI, VSA and WMAP data we show that of the models investigated, the HZ case with strings provides the best fit to the data relative to the freedom in the model, having a moderately higher Bayesian evidence than the concordance model. For HZ plus strings, CMB data then implies a (10+/-3)% string contribution to the temperature power spectrum at multipole l=10. However, with non-CMB data included, finite tilt and finite strings are approximately on par with each other. Considering variable $\ns$, we then find a 95% upper limit of the string fraction of 11%, corresponding to $G\mu<0.7\times 10^{-6}$ (where G is Newton's constant and $\mu$ is the string tension).

Full-text: PostScript, PDF, or Other formats

21 cm radiation - a new probe of variation in the fine structure constant              astro-ph/0701752

Authors: Rishi Khatri, Benjamin D. Wandelt
Comments: 5 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
We investigate the effect of variation in the value of the fine structure constant at high redshifts (recombination > z > 30) on the absorption of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at 21 cm hyperfine transition of the neutral atomic hydrogen. We find that the 21 cm signal is very sensitive to the variations in the fine structure constant and it is so far the only probe of the fine structure constant in this redshift range. A change in the value of the fine structure constant by 1% changes the mean brightness temperature decrement of the CMB due to 21 cm absorption by > 5% over the redshift range z < 45 and z > 120. There is an effect of similar magnitude on the amplitude of the fluctuations in the brightness temperature. The redshift of maximum absorption also changes by more than 5%.

Full-text: PostScript, PDF, or Other formats

The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects from a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation: large-scale properties and correlation with the soft X-ray signal  astro-ph/0701680

Authors: M. Roncarelli, L. Moscardini, S. Borgani, K. Dolag
Comments: 11 pages, 15 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
Using the results of a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation of the concordance LambdaCDM model, we study the global properties of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effects, both considering the thermal (tSZ) and the kinetic (kSZ) component. The simulation follows gravitation and gas dynamics and includes also several physical processes that affect the baryonic component, like a simple reionization scenario, radiative cooling, star formation and supernova feedback. Starting from the outputs of the simulation we create mock maps of the SZ signals due to the large structures of the Universe integrated in the range 0 < z < 6. We predict that the Compton y-parameter has an average value of (1.19 +/- 0.32) 10^-6 and is lognormally distributed in the sky; half of the whole signal comes from z < 1 and about 10 per cent from z > 2. The Doppler b-parameter shows approximately a normal distribution with vanishing mean value and a standard deviation of 1.6 10^-6, with a significant contribution from high-redshift (z > 3) gas. We find that the tSZ is expected to dominate the primary CMB anisotropies for l >~ 3000 in the Rayleigh-Jeans limit, while interestingly the kSZ dominates at all frequencies at very high multipoles (l >~ 7 10^4). We also analyse the cross-correlation between the two SZ effects and the soft (0.5-2 keV) X-ray emission from the intergalactic medium and we obtain a strong correlation between the three signals, especially between X-ray emission and tSZ effect (r_l ~ 0.8-0.9) at all angular scales.

Full-text: PostScript, PDF, or Other formats

The behavior of $f(R)$ gravity in the solar system, galaxies and clusters              astro-ph/0701662

Authors: Pengjie Zhang (SHAO)
Comments: 4 pages, no figure. Submitted to PRD. Comments welcome
Cosmologically interesting $f(R)$ gravity models are in general strongly environment dependent. For these models, we derive the complete sets of the linearized field equations in the Newtonian gauge, under environments of the solar system, galaxies and clusters respectively. Approximating the solar system as the Sun embedded in a uniform background with density $\bar{\rho}$, we find that {\it the constant curvature solution with the PPN parameter $\gamma=1$ is the only solution}. When $\bar{\rho}\to 0$, this solution approaches to the Schwarzschild-de Sitter vacuum solution found in the literature. In the solar system, the matter density is much higher than the cosmological critical density. This results in significant suppression on corrections to the general relativity (GR) induced by $f(R)$ gravity. We show that the behavior of $f(R)$ gravity in the solar system is virtually identical to that of GR.
Although the environments in galaxies and clusters differ from that in the solar system, we find that gravitational lensing of galaxies and clusters are virtually identical to that in GR. Fortunately, galaxy rotation curve and intra-cluster gas pressure profile may contain valuable information to distinguish between $f(R)$ gravity and GR.

Full-text: PostScript, PDF, or Other formats